منابع مشابه
Transcriptional Control by the SMADs.
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of ligands elicit their biological effects by initiating new programs of gene expression. The best understood signal transducers for these ligands are the SMADs, which essentially act as transcription factors that are activated in the cytoplasm and then accumulate in the nucleus in response to ligand induction where they bind to enhancer/promoter ...
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15 صفحه اولLinking Smads and transcriptional activation.
TGF-beta1 (transforming growth factor-beta1) is the prototypical member of a large family of pleiotropic cytokines that regulate diverse biological processes during development and adult tissue homoeostasis. TGF-beta signals via membrane bound serine/threonine kinase receptors which transmit their signals via the intracellular signalling molecules Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4. These Smads contain con...
متن کاملTranscriptional Activators of TGF-β Responses: Smads
Programs in Cell Biology and Developmental Biology ence with Smad signaling inhibits the ligand-induced response, Smads are considered as effectors for the ligand-induced transcriptional responses. Recent progress provides insight into the mechanisms through which Smads regulate transcription and explains the sequence heterogeneity of the TGF-/activin-respon-Smads are a class of proteins that ...
متن کاملSmads and early developmental signaling by the TGFbeta superfamily.
Members of the transforming growth factor b (TGFb) superfamily of peptide growth factors regulate a broad range of cellular functions, including proliferation, apoptosis, extracellular matrix secretion and adhesion, terminal differentiation, and specification of developmental fate (Roberts and Sporn 1993; Wall and Hogan 1994; Moses and Serra 1996). Although regulation of each of these functions...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
سال: 2016
ISSN: 1943-0264
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a022079